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Nitrogen-based fertilisers like urea, which have been instrumental in increasing crop yields in India, are now turning into potent destroyers by polluting land and water, affecting people’s health and leading to climate change. This was revealed by a unique 10 year study “The Indian Nitrogen Assessment “ carried out by Down To Earth, a New Delhi-based environment and health magazine, in a seminar in Amritsar on 8 March 2018. The Indian Nitrogen Assessment is, done by a group of scientists referred to as the Indian Nitrogen Group (ING). This is the first study of this kind in India.