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Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) caused by human activity must reach “net zero” by 2050 to keep the average rise in global temperatures at 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels to reduce catastrophic climate-change risk on populations, the United Nations Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) said on 08 October 2018. There is a need for urgent, unprecedented and collective action to limit global warming to 1.5°C instead of 2°C above pre-industrial levels, which otherwise will cause extreme weather events, rising sea levels, loss of biodiversity and challenging impact on water supply, food security, health and livelihood of several hundred millions of people, IPCC said in its report Global Warming of 1.5ºC, which was released at Incheon, South Korea.