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Climatic changes and increasing climatic variability are likely to aggravate the problem of future food security by exerting pressure on agriculture. However, there are lot of uncertainties about the assessment of impact, adaptation and mitigation of climate change in agriculture. It is largely because the methodology followed for such assessments is not standardized and sometimes it is inaccurate and imprecise. This book comprehensively present the recent, internationally accepted, standard methodologies for studying the impacts of climate change on agriculture, measuring and developing inventories of greenhouse gas emission, and analyzing the vulnerabilities and mitigation options.Researchers follow different methodologies and arrive at contrasting results making it difficult to reach a logical conclusion and develop policy actions. There is a need to develop and apply a standard methodology across the board for various studies related to climate change and agriculture. This book will prove an invaluable source reference for the researchers, scientists and students engaged in climate change research.